Blockchain is the tech. Bitcoin is merely the first mainstream manifestation of its potential. Marc Kenigsberg, Founder of Bitcoin Chaser

4.1 What is a blockchain?

At its core, a blockchain is a digital ledger of transactions. But unlike the dusty tomes of yesteryear, this ledger is distributed across a network of computers, each holding an identical copy. Imagine a book that simultaneously exists in thousands of places, with each new page added in perfect synchrony across all copies. That's the magic of blockchain.

4.2 How does a blockchain work?

The genius of blockchain lies in its structure. Transactions are grouped into 'blocks,’ each block linked to the one before it, forming a chain. This chain is secured by complex mathematics and cryptography, making it virtually impossible to alter past entries without detection.

When a new transaction occurs, it's broadcast to the network. Specialized participants, called miners or validators, race to verify and package these transactions into a new block. Once a block is added to the chain, it's there for good – set in digital stone.

4.3 Key features of blockchain technology

Blockchain's power comes from its unique characteristics:

These features combine to create a system that's secure, transparent, and trustworthy – without needing to trust any single participant.

4.4 Types of blockchains (public, private, permissioned)

Not all blockchains are created equal. They come in different flavors:

Each type has its pros and cons and is suitable for different use cases and contexts.